Arabic transliteration full#

Another rule is the substitution of “ss” in the middle of a name with a single “s”. Thus, when we encounter the name Qassem, we know that Kassem is a valid alternative. For example, one rule that we use is substituting the letter “Q” at the beginning of a name with a “K”. We created this rule-based approach with the help of a linguistics expert, who helped outline the universe of ways that a name could be transliterated from the Arabic alphabet to Latin script. Using a rule-based algorithm that synthesizes variants of a given name, Primer automatically resolves the alternate spellings to a single person from the span of documents you are searching over. To unburden analysts from the need to generate the universe of potential transliterations when searching for a person, we built a custom feature that generates name spelling variations for names that are transliterated from a language with Arabic script. Our industry-leading Named Entity Recognition models can extract mentions of people in news articles and in your custom data sources. For example, we found the following spellings for the name Muhammad: Mohammad, Muhammad, Muhammed, Mohamed, Mohamad, Muhammad, Muhammed, Muhamed, Muhammed, Muhamet, Mukhammad, Maxamed, Mamadou, among others.Īt Primer, we have built tools into our platform to do this heavy lifting for you.

Arabic transliteration full#

These booleans can become incredibly complex very quickly if an analyst wants to maximize the recall of their results and capture the full universe of potential spellings for a transliterated name. In the two queries above, we can see all the different spellings an analyst would have to manually generate about and then write out in a boolean expression to effectively capture the range of spellings for a given name. (“Abdel Fattah el-Sisi” OR “Abd el-Fattah el-Sisi” OR “Abdul Fattah el-Sisi” OR “Abd al-Fattah el-Sisi' OR 'Abdel Fattah el-Sisy' OR 'Abd el-Fattah el-Sisy' OR 'Abdul Fattah el-Sisy' OR 'Abd al-Fattah el-Sisy') AND ('Sinai Peninsula' OR 'Sinai') AND 'policy' ('Qasem Soleimani' OR 'Qasem Suleimani' OR 'Qassem Soleimani' OR 'Qassem Suleimani' OR 'Qassim Soleimani' OR 'Qassim Suleimani') AND ('death' OR 'airstrike') Meanwhile, in Sample Query #2, the search is for Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi’s policy in the Sinai Peninsula. Sample Query #1 shows some spelling variations you would write if you were running a search on the airstrike that led to the death of Qassem Soleimani. To run a simple search on a person of interest, you will find yourself writing complex boolean expressions like the ones shown below. If you are an analyst, you know this problem all too well. Variations among transliteration guides and ad-hoc decisions among content publishers result in multiple spellings for the same individual across a large corpus of text. Different spellings that share the same pronunciation are also known as homophones. For example, Qassem Soleimani can also be written as Qasim Soleimany or Qasem Suleimani or Kasem Suleimany, along with several other similar-sounding alternatives. These are the names of highly influential figures in Middle Eastern geopolitics over the last several years.Īnother thing they share is that there are numerous transliterations for each name.

If you have been following news in the Middle East and North African region, you probably guessed correctly. What do Qassem Soleimani, Mohammed Bin Salman, and Abdel Fattah el-Sisi have in common?